Theory Part of CCNA 200-301

The CCNA is an entry-level networking certification that can prepare you for networking roles in IT like network specialist, network administrator, and network engineer.

CISCO    (Computer Information System Company)

Exam Code        200-301

Designed for     Experienced Network Technician

Duration         120 mins exam duration

Number of questions in exam        50-60 questions

Exam Fees    $300 (for different country price may vary)

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Network Time Protocol_(NTP)

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is an application layer protocol used for time synchronization between hosts on a TCP/IP network. Its goal is to ensure that all computers on a network agree on the system clock since even a small difference can create problems. For example, if there is more than 5 minutes difference between your host’s local clock and the Active Directory domain controller, you cannot log into your AD domain.

NOTE:- NTP servers listen for NTP packets on User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port 123. The current version is NTPv4, and it is backward compatible with NTPv3.

NTP Server:-
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NTP uses a client-server architecture; one host is configured as the NTP server and all other hosts on the network are configured as NTP clients. Consider the following example

PC-PT is our NTP client and it is configured to use a public NTP server Server-PT. NTP client  will periodically send an NTP request to the NTP server. The server will provide accurate data and time, enabling system clock synchronization on NTP Client.

NTP Stratum:-

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NTP devices read time from NTP source. Stratum defines the reliability and accuracy of NTP source. It uses a scale of stratum 0 to stratum 15 for NTP sources. In this scale, stratum 0 is the most reliable and stratum 15 is the worst reliable source of time.

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Abhishek Pathak

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abhishek9621134014@outlook.com